Building construction



Patented 9, {Q32 time? WALTER R. SIMONiS, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Application filed October 15, 1930. Serial No. 488,775.

This invention relates to an improved building construction adapted to combining reinforced cementitious 'material with stone or brick work.

An object of the invention is to provide.-

means for housing the metallic reinforced members in a more complete and satisfactory manner and'in such a situation that they will not be unduly expanded 0r contracted by change of temperature. v

Another object ofthe invention is to provide astructure of the character stated which may be'erected at a low cost and which may be assembled in a more rapid and efficient manner.

Still another object of the.1nvention 1s to provide, in conjunction with other improved,

features of the invention, a series of metallic tie pieces which cooperate with each other and with the remaining metallic parts of the reinforcing structure, in an improved and more eflicient manner.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a wall structure of a superior shock withstanding character wherein a greater rigidity is maintained throughout the'center joint of the wall than exists at the bed joints thereof, thereby adapting the wall to resist a greater shock without acomplete collapse. Other objects, advantages and features of invention may hereinafter appear.

Referring to the accompanying drawing which illustrateswhat is at present deemed to be a preferred embodiment of the inven- Fig. lis a, sectional end view of a wallconstructed according to-the principles of the invention, the sectioned portion of the View being taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 2.

the wall shown in Fig. 1 taken online 2- 2 of the latter view.-

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a fragment of the wall, certain reinforcing elements being .sectioned.

' Fig. 4. is a side elevation of one of the metallic tie pieces. a f

Referring in detail to the drawing, the wall structure shown comprises twovertical wall units A and B which are placed side by side,

- Fig, 2 is a vertical section of aLportion of.

in parallel spaced relation to each other in i order to receive between them a filling of ceinent C in the form of a grout which flows readily and which when it has hardened ad heres firmly both to the metallic and other elements of the structurewith which it comes into contact, thus cementing the whole structure. firmly together.

'Said wall units A and B, in the illustrated form of the invention, are of identical construction and are made up from the individual brickor other solid building elements 7. Each of said brick has in its upper face or edge portion recesses 8 which receive the downwardly directed end portions 9 of the tie pieces 10 and 10a shown in detail in Fig. 4.

The tie pieces 10 'shown in Fig. l are arranged in transverse sets, while in Figs. 2 and 3 are illustrated not only the transverse tie pieces 10 but also the longitudinally extending tie pieces 10a, each recess 9 being occupled not only with the end portion of a tie piece 10 but also with the end portion of a tie piece 10a. The tie pieces 10 are intersected by the longitudinal tie rods 12and, during the building of the structure, are held to said rods 12 by means of tie pieces 13 of small wire.

latter being embedded within the cement core C in spaced relation to the brick work. Said tie rods 15 intersect thelongitudinal tie rods Vertical tie rods 15 are also provided, the I 12 and where these intersections take place I are tied to them by means of small wire or like material 16.

In the preferred form of brick shown, each brick is provided along one edge face thereof [at the outer.- face of the structure. When the bricks are-assembled thevbevels 20 and 21 co-- operate with each other to provide adequate space for the inortar, grout and tie pieces as y will be more clearly understood from the description following.

The various courses of proper vertically spaced relation to each other by means of the usual mortar layers or elements 30, these mortar elements, however, occupying only the outer portion of the wall, the space between them as well as between the bricks which they unite being filled in by the grout 0 already mentioned.

' In Fig. 1 is illustrated the preferred method of embedding within-the wall a transverse floor beam or girder 35, channel shaped in cross section. This beam 35 has the ends of the adjacent vertical rods welded thereto at 15a as shown. Said channel-shaped beam is so positioned that each of its flanges extends into a space between two courses of brick, or maybe otherwise positioned, if desired.

Theoementitious material which occupies the center joint between the wall units A and B is of a harder more resisting character than the lime mortar which forms the bed joints 30. The center joint being provided not only with the hardest and strongest cement, but also being strongly reinforced by the vertical rods 15, in its combination with the less resisting bed joints nearer the sides of the wall will provide a shock resisting wall which will not collapse even tho some breakage may occur at the bed joints 30 when the wall is subjected to shock.

In building up the wall structure which has been described, a metallic frame work comprising the plurality of upright tie rods and girders 35, together with other elements (not shown), will first be put in place, the lower ends of the lowest rods 15 being anchored in the foundation F, the upper ends of these rods being located at the level to be occupied by the first floor beam 35. Then the lowest course of brick will be put in place for each of the units A and B, these courses of brick being put in parallel spaced relation to each other with the upright rods 15 between and in spaced relation to them. Then the transverse tie pieces 10 and longitudinal tie pieces 10a will be put in place as best shown in Fig. 3 and the horizontal 7 rod 12 will next be wired to the transverse tie pieces 10 by small wire 13. Thereupon the upright rods" 15 will each be wired by small wire 16 to the horizontal rod 12. Next the second course of brick will be laid in place upon the lower course, and then the second set of transverse tie pieces 10 and longitudinal tie pieces 10a will be put in place and the small tie wires 13 and 16 applied as already described. The third course of brick, assuming the wall to be built as in Fig. 1 will now be put in place. This will bring the wall up to the level of the floor beam 35. The cement in the form of grout may now be poured in between the two wall units brick are united in.

A and B, said space thus being filled with cement up nearly to the top of the upright tie pieces 15.

The use of the floor beam 35 and the particular method of building the wall which has been set forth is only intended to be suggestive, it being understood that in many instances a difierent procedure will be followed. The invention is applicable to building wall structures according to a variety of designs of wall building not employing the steel girders.

The invention includes not only the general'wall structure which has been described but also the specific individual bricks formed with the recesses and chamfered edges portions which have been described. The chamfering of each brick along its end edge facilitates the flow of cement grout from the central portion of the structure toward each side thereof.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific construction illustrated in the drawings, but that variations therein, within the scope of the appended claims, may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the use of small wire to tie the upright and transverse metallic reinforcing elements together may not be necessary and will only be used if thought desirable.

I claim:

1. In a building construction for walls, a pair of adjacent upright wall units having inner faces which are in parallel spaced relation to each other, each of said wall units being composed of courses of brick, the brick of said courses at one side of the wall being each beveled away .at the upper edge of its inner face toward the mid-width of the wall, oppositely disposed bevels thus being provided which enlarge the space between said wall units, a substantially horizontal tie rod located in the enlarged space thus provided, additional metallic structure to which said tie rod is secured, and a cementitious filling occupying the space between said courses to-' gether with said enlarged space and adhering to the inner faces of the brick and to the aforementioned tie rod and metallic structure.

2. In a building construction for walls, a pair of adjacent upright wall units having inner faces which are in parallel spaced relation to each other, each of said wall units 120 being composed of courses of solid building elements, the building elements of said courses at one side of the wall being each beveled away to the upper edge of its inner face toward the mid-width of the wall, op- 125 positely disposed bevels thus being provided which enlarge the space between said wall units, a'substantially horizontal tie rod located in the enlarged space thus provided, transversely extending metallic structure to I30 which said tie rod is secured, and a cementi tious filling occupying the space between said disposed bevels thus being provided which enlarge the space between cementitious filling occupying the space between said courses together with said enlarged' space, and reinforcing metallic elements which intersect each other within said enlarged space.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

WALTER R. SIMONS.

said wall units, a 

